North Pacific Right Whale Facts

The North Pacific right whale is a critically endangered species. Along with the North Atlantic right whale and the southern right whale, the North Pacific right whale is one of three species of living right whales in the world. All three species of right whale are similar in appearance; their genetic pools are distinct, but they are otherwise indistinguishable. Fast Facts: North Pacific Right Whale Scientific Name: Eubalaena japonicaAverage Length: 42–52 feet Average Weight: 110,000–180,000 pounds Lifespan: 50–70 years Diet: CarnivorousRegion and Habitat: Northern Pacific ocean  Phylum: ChordataClass: Mammalia Order: ArtiodactylaInfraorder: CetaceaFamily: BalaenidaeConservation Status: Critically endangered   Description North Pacific right whales are robust, with a thick blubber layer and a girth sometimes exceeding 60 percent of their body length. Their bodies are black with irregular patches of white, and their flippers are large, broad and blunt. Their tail flukes are very broad (up to 50 percent of their body length), black, deeply notched, and smoothly tapered. Southern right whale breaches the surface off Puerto Piramedies, Argentina. Paula Ribas / Getty Images Female right whales give birth once every 2 to 3 years, starting around age 9 or 10. The oldest known right whale was a female who lived at least 70 years. Calves are 15–20 ft (4.5–6 m) long at birth. Adult right whales range between 42–52 ft (13–16 m) in length on average, but they can reach over 60 ft (18 m). They weigh over 100 metric tons. About one-fourth to one-third of a right whales total body length is the head. The lower jaw has a very pronounced curve and the upper jaw has 200–270 baleen plates, each narrow and between 2–2.8 meters long, with fine fringing hair.   Whales are born with patchy irregular spots, called callosities, on their faces, lower lips, and chin, above the eyes and around the blowholes. The callosities are made of keratinized tissue. By the time a whale is several months old, its callosities are inhabited by whale lice: small crustaceans who clean and eat algae off the whales body. Each whale has an estimated 7,500 whale lice. Habitat North Pacific right whales are among the most endangered whale species in the world. Two stocks are known to exist: western and eastern. The western North Pacific right whale lives in the Sea of Okhotsk and along the western Pacific rim; scientists estimate there are about 300 of them left. The eastern North Pacific right whales are found in the eastern Bering Sea. Their current population is believed to be between 25 and 50, which might be too small to ensure its persistence.   North Pacific right whales migrate seasonally. They travel northward in spring to high-latitude summer feeding grounds, and southward in fall for breeding and calving. In the past, these whales could be found from Japan and northern Mexico northward to the Sea of Okhotsk, the Bering Sea and the Gulf of Alaska; today, however, they are rare.   Diet North Pacific right whales are baleen whales, meaning that they use baleen (toothlike bone plates) to filter out their prey from sea water. They forage almost exclusively on zooplankton, tiny animals that are weak swimmers and prefer to drift with the current in massive groups. North Pacific right whales prefer large calanoid copepods—are crustaceans about the size of a grain of rice—but they will also eat krill and larval barnacles. They consume whatever gets picked up by the baleen.   Feeding takes place in the spring. In higher latitude feeding grounds, North Pacific right whales locate large surface patches of zooplankton, then swim slowly (about 3 miles per hour) through the patches with their mouths wide open. Each whale needs between 400,000 and 4.1 million calories each day, and when the patches are dense (about 15,000 copepods per cubic meter), whales can fulfill their daily needs in three hours. Less dense patches, around 3,600 per cm3, require a whale to spend 24 hours feeding in order to meet their caloric needs. The whales will not forage on densities below 3,000 per cm3.  Ã‚   Although most of their visible feeding takes place near the surface, the whales can dive also deeply to forage (between 200–400 meters below the surface). Adaptationsand Behavior Scientists believe that right whales use a combination of memory, matrilineal teaching, and communication to navigate between feeding and wintering grounds.  They also use an array of tactics to find plankton concentrations, relying on water temperatures, currents, and stratification to locate new patches. Right whales produce a variety of low-frequency sounds described by researchers as screams, moans, groans, belches, and pulses. The sounds are high amplitude, meaning they are detectable across long distances, and most range below 500 Hz, and some as low as 1,500–2,000 Hz. Scientists believe that these vocalizations may be contact messages, social signals, warnings or threats.  Ã‚   Throughout the year, right whales create surface active groups. In these groups, a lone female vocalizes a call; in response, up to 20 males surround her, vocalizing, leaping from the water, and splashing their flippers and flukes. There is little aggression or violence, nor are these behaviors necessarily connected with courtship routines. Whales only breed at certain times of the year, and females give birth in their wintering grounds nearly synchronously. Sources Gregr, Edward J., and Kenneth O. Coyle. The Biogeography of the North Pacific Right Whale (Eubalaena japonica). Progress in Oceanography 80.3 (2009): 188–98.  Kenney, Robert D. Are Right Whales Starving? Right Whale News 7.2 (2000).  ---. Right Whales: Eubalaena . Encyclopedia of Marine Mammals (Third Edition). Eds. Wà ¼rsig, Bernd, J. G. M. Thewissen and Kit M. Kovacs: Academic Press, 2018. 817–22.  glacialis, E. japonica, and E. australisÃ…  irovic, Ana, et al. North Pacific Right Whales (Eubalaena Japonica) Recorded in the Northeastern Pacific Ocean in 2013. Marine Mammal Science 31.2 (2015): 800–07.

We Are A “Government Of The People, By The People, [And]

We are a â€Å"government of the people, by the people, [and] for the people,† or so we have been led to believe (Lincoln 1863). In the Gettysburg Address, Abraham Lincoln uttered one of the most prolific and profound statements about the United State’s system of government as designed by the Constitution. His words have been used to define a movement of democratization and Constitution making in the 20th century. While Lincoln’s words might make a good speech, they may not be entirely true of Constitutions, even our own. Much available evidence suggests that Constitutions are not necessarily products by the people and for the people, but they really are products by elites and for elites. The question of whether Constitutions are written by†¦show more content†¦The endurance of architecturally designed constitutional principles is not always a given, however. Sometimes, the elites that crafted the Constitution â€Å"may lose touch with that reservoir of support and determination in the hearts of the people without which law becomes an alien imposition likely to be abandoned when circumstances permit† (Frame 279). After a while, if the imposed principles are radically different than tradition, the locals are unwilling to change, and a third country and its elites do not continue to enforce said principles, the native countries may abandon ship and revert back to old traditions. This is where the second method of elite constitutional design processes comes in. The second popular design process in which elites craft constitutions is through what Frame calls excavators. These elites try and â€Å"discover the customary ways underlying a particular society, and to bring these to prominence and coherence† (Frame 279). This method incorporates local practices and institutions into consideration while elites craft the constitution so as to maximize the likelihood that the community will accept the new constitution. An example that Frame provides comes from the 1960’s and 1970’s when elite University professors from Canada helpedShow MoreRelatedWe the People- Examination of the Relationship between the Government and Governed 1996 Words   |  8 Pagesscares of the Cold War, we had vocal leaders aim to minimize the federal government’s power. The framers did so initially in the colonial era (Downes, 2012). Then, Ronald Reagan followed this concept through the Cold War (Love, 2009). Today, we live in a Post 9/11 world. This is a world that was so dramatically stricken by the terrorist attacks implemented on the World Trade Center (WTC) that we failed to carry a belief of minimizing the government’s constraints on the people. This society has noRead MoreAmerican Government Essay example684 Words   |  3 PagesAmerican Government Each type of government holds different views as to the role the leaders and citizens should perform in their country .Different types of government include, oligarchy where the government is run by the best leaders, Tyranny, where they believe those in power should have complete control over its people. In the United States of America, we believe in democracy, rule by the majority. The main problem with our type of government is maintaining it. Our government and its citizensRead MoreThe Creation Of The United States929 Words   |  4 PagesUnited States we have had many hopes to what it will be come. Very few were there to see as the thirteen colonies became the United States of America. They witness a weak confederation turn into a government so strong that its constitution is still being used hundreds of years later. Now a day’s many people believe that our old constitution is what is making our government so inefficient. But in reality it is not on our government or on t he constitution. In a unitary system of government, the centralRead MoreThe Government And The Federal Service1661 Words   |  7 PagesAre we as American citizens receiving what we expect from our government or are we demanding too much from it. It seems that over the last several years we have demanded that our government has to find ways of doing more with less. As a result of the ever-increasing demands our government is forced to face, according to Professor Paul C. Light, the American government is ill executed and the federal service is less energetic than ever before (Paul, 2008). Thus, it seems that we as Americans are notRead MoreWhat Is The Government As A Source Of Justice?963 Words   |  4 PagesAmerican people as a whole find ourselves stuck between the lines of law and order. We know the laws and who appoint them, but we often find loopholes and exceptions to those laws. We as a people look to our government as a source of justice, but how can we trust those who do not uphold the la ws they make? The government is the law, but how do we, as citizens, regulate how they act out these laws. The protection of liberty and freedom are laid out in the constitution, by the government. They setRead MoreAdvantages Of Direct Democracy1460 Words   |  6 Pagescontroversy over which government is the best, and honestly I don’t think there really is a best form of government but I believe there that some are better than others. Direct Democracy definitely has its flaws, it is the best option open to us at this time. It gives the people the power to get what they want. America is already a form of Democracy, it’s a Representative Democracy. So direct Democracy is not too far fetched. 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Such as people who experienced near-death, or people who attained freedom after long periods of hardship and torture. These people would definitely view their lives, and those who went through the same experiences, in a different light. If we were to analyze Utilitarianism closely, we wouldRead MoreJohn Locke s Views On Human Nature1602 Words   |  7 PagesWhereas John Locke put more hope in human nature, Madison looked down on it with more critical analysis. Locke’s argument may provide few important points in general, but it is Madison who ultimately explained why people work in the specific way we see today and produce the government we enjoy. In fact, some of Locke’s arguments can be tied to Madison’s philosophy and be seen as useful explanations for Madison’s viewpoint toward self-centered human nature. John Locke linked human behavior with ourRead MoreArticle Review: On Human Rights Day, Stop the Blank Check to Israel882 Words   |  4 PagesIsraeli government to have Palestinian citizens comply with their laws which are violating the Palestinian’s human rights, rights that every single human deserves. Stinemetz reasons that the Israeli’s are understandably letting fear of brutal treatment of European Jewish people influence their laws but, that they have also gone too far in trying to protect themselves. Now, you might be asking yourself why the affairs of a foreign government should be of concern to the American citizen but, we the taxpayers

Eating Apples at Night a Korean Superstition Free Essays

Eating Apples at Night: a Korean Superstition â€Å"An apple a day keeps the doctor away. † This adage is taught to most western children as a way of verbalizing that apples are very healthy to eat. In theory, if we eat an apple every day, we will be so healthy that we won’t need a doctor. We will write a custom essay sample on Eating Apples at Night: a Korean Superstition or any similar topic only for you Order Now Although this is an exaggeration of the health benefits of apples, we can all agree that this is one healthy fruit. Koreans also have the same belief, but there is one exception. It’s believed in Korea that eating an apple at night is actually unhealthy. Eating apples at night would be difficult for one’s stomach to digest, leading to indigestion. This would lead to a sick feeling and make it difficult to get a good night’s sleep. The origins of this theory are unknown, but this belief seems to be well known in Korea. Most people don’t eat apples at night anyway, but Koreans will admit to hearing about this from an elder at some point in their life. A few of those will actually believe it and refrain from eating â€Å"sah gwah† (apples) at night. The fact that apples are very healthy is no mystery, but does that change when eating them at night? Eating food before going to sleep is generally a bad idea because foods that are spicy, heavy or fatty will make it difficult to sleep soundly. Apples, however, have none of those properties and are actually filled with vitamins, minerals and antioxidants that are beneficial for sleeping. For example, apples contain vitamins C, B6 potassium. They help to decrease blood pressure, improve breathing and lower blood sugar. They also help the body to secrete serotonin causing the nerves to relax easier. All of that provides for a good night’s rest. There are also polyphenols (antioxidants) which are found mainly in the skins of apples. They assist the body in breaking down carbohydrates and regulating blood sugar, providing a steady level of energy (so you don’t stay up due to an energy spike). That causes body fat to burn steadily, all while you are sleeping. Most of an apple is really just water, but there is enough fiber to help you feel full as you sleep. This fiber also is good for digestion and aids in cleansing the colon. The fiber is easily digested and soluble in the intestines. If anything is unhealthy, it could be the fact that apples contain (natural) sugar and account for about 10% of the body’s carbohydrate needs. However, combined with all the other healthy properties, the good far outweighs the bad. If all these facts are to be believed, then an apple at night is actually very healthy and helpful to eat, as opposed to the Korean thought that it’s unhealthy. Due to the fiber, vitamins, minerals and antioxidants which help the body to feel full, relaxed and keep blood pressure and sugar levels stable, the apple is a great snack to have before going to bed. Try it for yourself and see if you can feel and enjoy it. Let’s make a new slogan for apples: â€Å"An apple at night makes the body feel alright! † By Stephen Redeker Health information provided by Matthew Lee â€Å"Eating Apples Before Bed† at www. livestrong. com How to cite Eating Apples at Night: a Korean Superstition, Essay examples

Financial Situation of the Company Common wealth Bank and ANZ Group

Question: Discuss about the Financial Situation of the Company Common wealth Bank and ANZ Group. Answer: Introduction The Common Wealth Bank (CWB) was established in the year 1911 and started its working in 1912. It has the authority and permission for general banking business and savings. CWB is the biggest Australian company that is listed on ASX. As per recent data of 2016, the CWB has a staff of 52000 employees and approximately 800,000 shareholders (Commonwealth Bank, 2017). Due to multiple kinds of product offerings, it is quite easy for the CW bank to ensure sustainable business growth in the market. Different kinds of banking products and services offered by this bank are premium banking, retail banking, funds management, institutional banking, and business banking and stock broking products/services. There are various strategies of CWB diversification strategy, branding strategy, and the high scale sales generation strategy. In Banking and Financial sector of Australia, the brand image of Common Wealth Bank is very sound. Different products and services of CWB under retail banking include c redit cards, home loans, personal loan, transaction accounts etc. CWB was the first bank of Australia that has obtained guarantee from Federal Government of country. CWB started its business from the city of Melbourne with opening of first branch on 15th July 1912. The mission of CWB is focused to provide customers the superior quality service. It also creates value for its customers. It also promotes the stability and economic growth in the community. It also has core values such as it ensures to the public that it is a great place to work. It also provides opportunities to the Directors and other stakeholders (Commonwealth Bank, 2017). The outstanding service is provided to the customers and helps them in achieving financial goals. Australia and New Zealand (ANZ) Banking Group ANZ banking group counted in largest banking firms in Australia and New Zealand. ANZ Banking Group is one of the major financial services group and international banking in top 100 banks of globe. The head office of ANZ banking group is situated at city of Melbourne. Starting year of this bank was 1835. ANZ also operates in 30 other nations. In year 1835, ANZ Bank Company started in London and was established according to provisions and guidelines of Royal charter (ANZ, 2017). In the year 1950-60s the bank of Australasia in order to frame the ANZ Bank, the merger has took place between Union Bank of Australia and New Zealand bank. The ANZ bank started its operations at Solomon Islands and Honiara in 1966. It has a culturally diverse organization with the employees, which are from different countries with different culture. The employees with different culture are working in this organization. Different types of flexibility offered by this bank to its employees are job sharing, flexible hours etc. The 34 markets are operated globally by this bank in the New Zealand and Australia countries. ANZ bank has recorded its place in topmost four banks in Australia. At the same time, it has recorded place in the list of top fifty banks across globe. Its core values include doing the things right. It helps the business to achieve better outcomes. Their values include integrity, Collaboration, Accountability, Respect and Intelligence. Top down Analysis In the top down analysis the overall picture of the economy and it analyses different industrial sectors such as its macroeconomic trend. Here, the investors go through the economic factors and narrow down the individual stocks (Calligaris, Villard, and Lafitte, 2011). There is an analysis of economic factors such as, interest rates, GDP growth rates, exchange rates, energy prices and productivity. This analysis would help the investors to pick a right stock that creates value. These are described below: Current GDP The current Gross domestic product (GDP) of Australia expanded 0.8% in the second quarter in the year 2017 from 1.8% of GDP in the year 2016. The high growth rate is recorded in comparison with the expansion of 0.3% in first quarter of 2017. The expansion in the growth rate is mainly because of increase in net export and domestic demand. The increase in GDP of Australia is beneficial for the Companies as there is an increase in the economic activity of the country (Natoli, and Zuhair, 2011). Current Interest rate Interest rate is the amount of interest that can be called as amount loaned, which a lender charges to the borrower as an interest. Australia current interest rate of 2017 is 1.5% which is unchanged by Reserve Bank of Australia as its interest rate in 2016 was 1.5% and its interest rate in 2015 was 2.0%. It can be seen that the constant interest rate adopted for 2017 which is low in comparison to the interest rate of 2015 (Arrow, et al., 2013). So, it is expected that there will be growth in the economy of Australia. Financial industry such as Australia and New Zealand and Common Wealth bank can adopt the benefit from the constant interest rate. The companies are highly benefited because of the constant interest rate. There is fluctuation in the interest rate according to the economic standing and the Reserve Bank. Current Value of the $AUSD The current value of 1 AUD is equal to 0.8035 US Dollar. It can be analyzed that value of Australian dollar is lower than that of US Dollar. It has a negative and positive impact on the fluctuation of the currency on the overall financial industry of Australia (Hull, et al., 2013). It can be seen that the rate of AUD is increased in comparison to the value of 1 AUD was equal to 0.7693 on 30th June 2017. It can be said that it is good for the finance industry of Australian economy. Current Inflation rate The inflation rate can be defined as hike price of different products and depreciation in the value of currency. The inflation rate is increased by 0.2% from the previous year that is 1.5% in 2017 from 1.3 % in last quarter of the year 2016. The inflation rate has increased as compare to 2016 that was 1.3%. So, it can be disadvantage for the financial companies (Aizenman, et al., 2011). The increase in inflation rate had chances of decrease in the interest rate, which is constant in 2017 that is 1.5%. It will be beneficial for the Companies such as Commonwealth Bank group limited and ANZ bank. The changes in the interest rate directly affect the inflation and there is increase or decrease in the inflation rate of banks such as CWB limited and ANZ Group. If there is increase in interest rate the companies cannot afford to get the finance. It also affects the demand and supply of inflation. Personal Disposable Income Personal disposable income can be called as the amount of money, which is available for population or an individual and it can also be called as an income, which is saved after paying of taxes. The current personal disposable income of Australia is increased to $292336 million in 2017 from $289307 million in 2017. There is a change in the income that is $3029 million increased from the last quarter and expected to increase more in the end of third quarter of 2017. Personal disposable income growth reflects an increase in terms of trade (Mertens, and Ravn, 2013). It is important for the business to be considered. It can be analyzed that the Australian people income is increased in 2017. The increase in income helps to encourage business to increase in the employment. The increase in income makes a positive impact on the financial industries such as CWB and ANZ. The increase in disposable income helps in increase in the well-educated workforce. It would help in expanding the business. Bottom up Analysis Financials (Ratio Analysis of the Company) Commonwealth bank (2017) $ ANZ banking group (2017) $ Revenue AUD Million 25026 23529 Operating income Million 14744 11178 Operating margin % 58.91 47.50 Net income AU*100D Mil 9928 7709 Earnings per share AUD Mil 574.4 245.4 Dividends AUD Mil 429 123.2 Payout ratio % 74.67 50.20 Book value per share 28.88 20.56 Operating cash flow AUD Mil -40628 8841 Fixed Assets Turnover 9.29 10.28 Asset turnover 2.56 1.02 Debt to equity ratio 1444.7 1580.1 Equity ratio 6.46% 6.22 Ratio Analysis: Profitability ratio Operating income, Operating margin and Net income This ratio is used in the company so as to measure the overall efficiency. The profitability ratio includes operating income, operating margin and net income of both the companies. These margin ratios enable the companies at various measuring stages. The operating margin is also known as operating profit margin. This margin helps the companies to determine that how well the businesses are supporting their operations. It is a key indicator for investors and creditors (Saleem, and Rehman, 2011). The operating margin of Commonwealth Bank Company of 2017 is 58.91% and Australia and New Zealand Banking Group Limited has 47.50% in June, 2017. The operating income is helpful in analyzing the companys profit. Operating income of Commonwealth Bank and Australia and New Zealand is 14744 AUD Million and 11178 AUD Million in June, 2017. It is taken into account for analyzing the overall profitability of the banking firm. Moreover, when the operating income of the Company is higher then, it will be able to pay its debt. The net income can also be called as net profit and these are measured basically in accounting and finance. The Companies Commonwealth and Australia and New Zealand net income of 2017 is 9928 AUD and 7709 AUD Mill. It can be analyzed from above that Common Wealth Bank has high profitability as comparison with ANZ. Higher profit ratio is more beneficial than the lower profit ratio. It helps the company in gaining profit from its ongoing operations. Efficiency Ratio Fixed Assets Turnover and Assets Turnover Ratios Efficiency ratio is used by company for evaluating that efficiency of management of liabilities and the assets of company. It includes the calculation and analysis of Fixed Assets turnover ratio as well as the total asset turnover ratio. The ratio of fixed assets turnover is taken into account to analyze the companys return on their investment in the property. It also includes that how efficiently the sales of a company is produced with its machines and equipments. The Companies Commonwealth Bank and Australia and New Zealand fixed assets turnover ratio is 9.29% and 10.28% in 2017. It can be analyzed that the Company commonwealth is not efficiently using its assets as its fixed assets as its assets is lower than that of ANZ (Cummins, and Weiss, 2013). Moreover, Assets turnover ratio is also used by the company that how the Company is successfully using its assets in order to generate revenue. The Commonwealth and Australia and New Zealand assets turnover ratio are 2.56% and 1.02% in the year 2017. It can be analyzed that ANZ bank does not use the assets efficiently as its Assets turnover ratio is low as comparison of the other Company. It is based on the standard of the industry. Capital Structure Ratio Debt to equity ratio and Equity ratio Capital structure is the ratio, in which the assets of the company are financed. It also helps the investors to analyze that if the company is not in good condition then, what would happen to their investments. Capital structure ratio shows the relationship between total debt and net equity, which helps in making comparison between both the companies. The capital structure ratio helps in analyzing the capital structure of the company (Eriotis, Frangouli, and Ventoura-Neokosmides, 2011). It can also be analyzed that the capital structure of the CWB has 1444.7% of Debt to equity ratio in 2017 and Equity Ratio is 6.46%. The other Company that is ANZ has 1580.1% Debt to equity ratio and 6.22% Equity ratio in 2017 respectively. The higher debt to equity ratio for both the companies helps in providing ratio of stock holder, which is contributed to the capital to the creditor capital. From the above figure of the equity ratio it is determined that how much of the total assets by the company are financed by the investors. It also helps in determining the leverage of the company in respect to the debt of the company. The equity ratio of CWB is higher as comparison of ANZ (Pratheepkanth, 2011). The higher equity ratio of Commonwealth Bank Company helps in determining the potential shareholders, which enables the shareholders to invest in the Company. From the above analysis of the capital structure of both the companies, it can be determined that ANZ has stability in comparison of Commonwealth Bank Company. Market Performance Ratio EPS, DPS, Dividend Payout and Book per share It is used to evaluate the current share price of the companies. It includes EPS, DPS, Payout ratio and Book value per share. EPS that is earning per share is like the profitability ratio as the higher earnings ratio is better than the lower earnings ratio. If there is higher earnings ratio of the Company then, the company is more profitable and able to distribute more profit to its shareholders. The EPS AUD Million of Commonwealth and Australia and New Zealand Company are 574.4$ and 245.4$ in 2017. It can be analyzed that the Commonwealth has higher EPS then that of ANZ (Maditinos, et al., 2011). The Dividend per share is studied to measure the dividend amount. The DPS of Common Wealth and Australia and New Zealand have 429$ and 123.2$. It can be analyzed that DPS of Commonwealth has a good amount of dividend as comparison with ANZ. Dividend payout ratio enables to measure the companys net income, which is distributed among the shareholders. It is measured in order to maintain the sustainable trends of a company. The Dividend Payout ratio of Commonwealth and Australia and New Zealand has 74.67% and 50.20% in 2017. It can be analyzed that the Company Australia and New Zealand has lower dividend payout ratio as compare with the Commonwealth Company (Soana, 2011). If the company has lower dividend payout ratio then, the company can no longer afford to pay the dividend. The Company Commonwealth has higher dividend payout ratio and it can afford high dividend. It is mandatory for the companies as it helps in analyzing how much stake can be sold by the company. The book value per share helps in the comparison in valuing of a Company. It is used in order to determine the equity of a company by the investors. It helps the Company to relate the shareholders to total number of equity shares. The market price per share of Commonwealth and Australia and New Zealand has 28.88 $ and 20.56 $(Williams, and Naumann, 2011). It can be analyzed that the Company Commonwealth has greater book value share as comparison with the ANZ. Comparative Analysis CWB and ANZ Ltd have increased their assets as comparison of 2016. The increase in total Assets is due to profit of the company. It can be analyzed from the above discussion of both the Companies that the profitability of Commonwealth Bank is good as it is more profitable than the other company. It can also be seen that Commonwealth bank has more assets in comparison with ANZ. So, overall it can be concluded that the Company Commonwealth Bank is better than ANZ. Summary and Recommendations From the above analysis of Commonwealth and Australia and New Zealand Company that the investors must invest their future investment funds in Commonwealth bank instead of ANZ Banking Group Limited. It has been analyzed by evaluating the companys financial statement that ANZ is not suitable for investing. It is clearly seen from the figures of ANZ that the company is not efficiently using its assets that is assets turnover ratio which is lower as 1.02% in comparison of Common Wealth bank that is 2.56%. ANZ should raise the funds from equity as it will help in the profitability of the company. The company should also use its assets efficiently in order to generate revenue. By this report, it can also be concluded that the profitability of the company is affected by the economic factors of the country. The companys Profitability is also based on increase in the personal disposable income. It is also analyzed from the report that the profitability of the Company can be decreased as there is increase in interest rate. The calculation of ratio analysis of both the companies it can be analyzed that the Company Commonwealth is more profitable than ANZ. It is also stable in its capital structure. References Aizenman, J., Hutchison, M. and Noy, I. (2011) Inflation targeting and real exchange rates in emerging markets, World Development, 39(5), pp. 712-724. Arrow, K., Cropper, M., Gollier, C., Groom, B., Heal, G., Newell, R., Nordhaus, W., Pindyck, R., Pizer, W., Portney, P. and Sterner, T. (2013) Determining benefits and costs for future generations, Science, 341(6144), pp. 349-350. Australia and New Zealand Banking Group Limited (2017) Our Company. [Online]. Available at: https://www.anz.com/about-us/our-company/ (Accessed: 20 September, 2017) Calligaris, D., Villard, C. and Lafitte, D. (2011) Advances in top-down proteomics for disease biomarker discovery, Journal of proteomics, 74(7), pp. 920-934. Commonwealth Bank (2017) About us. [Online]. Available at: https://www.commbank.com.au/about-us/our-company/history.html (Accessed: 20 September, 2017) Commonwealth Bank (2017) Commonwealth Bank. [Online]. Available at: https://www.commbank.com.au/about-us/our-company/overview.html (Accessed: 20 September, 2017) Cummins, J.D. and Weiss, M.A. (2013) Analyzing firm performance in the insurance industry using frontier efficiency and productivity methods. New York : Springer. Eriotis, N.P., Frangouli, Z. and Ventoura-Neokosmides, Z. (2011) Profit margin and capital structure: an empirical relationship. Journal of Applied Business Research (JABR), 18(2). Hull, J., Treepongkaruna, S., Colwell, D., Heaney, R. and Pitt, D. (2013) Fundamentals of futures and options markets. USA: Pearson Higher Education. Maditinos, D., Chatzoudes, D., Tsairidis, C. and Theriou, G. (2011) The impact of intellectual capital on firms' market value and financial performance, Journal of intellectual capital, 12(1), pp. 132-151. Mertens, K. and Ravn, M.O. (2013) The dynamic effects of personal and corporate income tax changes in the United States, The American Economic Review, 103(4), pp. 1212-1247. Natoli, R. and Zuhair, S. (2011) Measuring progress: A comparison of the GDP, HDI, GS and the RIE, Social Indicators Research, 103(1), pp. 33-56. Pratheepkanth, P. (2011) Capital structure and financial performance: Evidence from selected business companies in Colombo stock exchange Sri Lanka, Researchers World, 2(2), p. 171. Saleem, Q. and Rehman, R.U. (2011) Impacts of liquidity ratios on profitability, Interdisciplinary Journal of Research in Business, 1(7), pp. 95-98. Soana, M.G. (2011) The relationship between corporate social performance and corporate financial performance in the banking sector, Journal of Business Ethics, 104(1), pp. 133-148. Williams, P. and Naumann, E. (2011) Customer satisfaction and business performance: a firm-level analysis, Journal of services marketing, 25(1), pp. 20-32.